Constituent Assembly was formed in 1946 with the purpose of writing a constitution to our country. They held its first meeting on December 1st, 1946.
On December 13, 1946, Jawaharlal Nehru moved the historic objective resolution, which laid down the fundamentals and philosophy of constitutional structure. The constituent assembly had 11 sessions over two years, eleven months and 18 days.
The constitution makers had gone through the Constitution of above sixty countries.
Some of the important sources among those included.
1. Government of India act of 1935
a. Emergency provisions
b. Public service commission
c. Judiciary (subordinate court structure)
d. Federal scheme
2. CONSTITUTION OF USA
a. Fundamental rights
b. Judicial review
c. Impeachment procedure of president and judges of the supreme court and high courts
3. BRITAIN CONSTITUTION
a. Writs (right to Constitutional remedies)
b. Parliamentary government
c. Single citizenship
d. Parliamentary privileges
e. Rule of law (the government is not supreme..law and constitution are supreme)
4.IRISH CONSTITUTION
a. Directive principles of state policy
b. Election procedure of president
c. The nomination of Rajya sabha members by President
5. GERMANY (WEIMAR) CONSTITUTION
a. Suspension of fundamental rights during emergency
6. SOUTH AFRICAN CONSTITUTION
a. Amendment procedure of Constitution.
b. Election of Rajya Sabha members
7. USSR CONSTITUTION
a. Fundamental duties
b. Ideals of justice ( social, economic and political) in the preamble
8. CANADIAN CONSTITUTION
a. Federalism with strong central government
b. Advisory jurisdiction of supreme court
c. Centre appoints the governors of states
d. Residuary powers of the center
9. AUSTRALIAN CONSTITUTION
a. Concurrent list
b. Freedom of trade and commerce
c. A joint sitting of parliament
10. FRANCE CONSTITUTION
a. The ideals of liberty, equality, fraternity, and Republic in the preamble
11. JAPANESE CONSTITUTION
a. The procedure established by law.
The Draft Constitution was considered for 114 days. They have spent 64 lakh rupees on the making of the constitution.
It was adopted on 26th November 1949, which we are celebrating as National constitution day.
It was enacted on 26th January 1950, which we celebrate as Republic Day.