DevOps is the order of the day in IT and is witnessing businesses hiring qualified resources to bridge the gap between operations and development If you are interviewing for the role of a DevOps or interviewing a DevOps developer you should be aware of some idea regarding the recruitment process and most important interview questions
DevOps Recruitment Process
Job Posting & Shortlisting of Applications
- Applications are given by candidates on job portals such as LinkedIn Indeed and company website
- Shortlisting is done on CVs on qualification experience and aptitude
- ATS (Applicant Tracking Systems) sort resumes keyword-based such as CI/CD, Kubernetes (Terraform etc. )
Initial HR Screening
- Phone/video interview to get candidates background and work readiness
- Generic questions such as salary availability and experience
- Shortlisting on fit and communication by HR
Technical Interview (Round 1)
- By DevOps team lead or engineer
- DevOps fundamentals tools and concepts
- CI/CD Infrastructure as Code cloud and containerization interview topics
Hands-on Test (Coding/Practical Test)
May involve scripting Terraform having CI/CD deploying an app on Kubernetes or automation by Shell scripting or Ansible
HackerRank Codility or coding challenges on their own platforms are used by only a few companies at best
System Design Interview (Round 2)
Involves designing big systems and Infrastructure
interviewers may pose
- Design a high-level CI/CD pipeline
- Design an ultra-high availability Kubernetes cluster
- Discuss several cloud deployments and how to orchestrate them
Behavioural & Cultural Fit Interview
Usually done by the team leaders or senior management
Tests conflict teamwork and problem-solving
Examples of questions
- What is a situation where you automated a process?
- How would you handle production outage?
- How would you work with operations teams and developers?
Final HR Round & Offer Negotiation
- Policy benefits and salary negotiation
- Experience and capability negotiation vs compensation
- Background check and reference interview
- Offer at every candidate completion round
DevOps Interview Questions
General DevOps Questions
- What is DevOps and how does it improve the software development process?
- How does Agile align with DevOps?
- What are the key DevOps philosophies and methodologies?
- How do we quantify the success of DevOps in an organization?
- What is GitOps and how is GitOps related to DevOps?
CI/CD & Automation Questions
- What is Continuous Integration, and why are we requesting it?
- How would you implement a CI/CD pipeline from the ground up?
- How would you have rollback plans in CI/CD?
- What is feature flag and how does feature flags enablement in CI/CD pipelines operate?
- What are blue-green and canary deployment patterns
Infrastructure as Code (IaC) Questions
- What is Infrastructure as Code (IaC) and how does it function?
- In what way is Terraform different from CloudFormation and Ansible?
- What is declarative IaC and what is imperative IaC? How are they distinct?
- How is multi-cloud deployment handled with the assistance of IaC?
- Best coding practices while scripting reusable Terraform scripts
Containerization & Orchestration Questions
- How is a container different from a virtual machine?
- Why Docker and why do we use Docker in DevOps?
- Why we use Kubernetes in DevOps?
- How we do service discovery and load balancing in Kubernetes.
- How autoscaling is done using Kubernetes
Monitoring & Logging Questions
- What is observability and how it is related to DevOps?
- How we do centralized logging in DevOps?
- What are the top tools used for monitoring and log collection?
- How would you trace and track a microservices architecture?
- ELK stack is what and how it functions in DevOps?
Cloud & Networking Questions
- What are the benefits of cloud computing to DevOps?
- How DevOps is varied in AWS Azure and Google Cloud?
- What is serverless computing and why it is still applicable to DevOps today?
- How the cloud infrastructure is secured in DevOps?
- What is an API gateway for in a cloud enabled with DevOps?
DevSecOps (DevOps Security) Questions
- What is DevSecOps and what is the main difference between regular DevOps and DevSecOps?
- What are the largest security threats to DevOps?
- How do you incorporate best-practice security in your DevOps pipeline?
- What are new DevSecOps tools and how do you use them?
- How do you incorporate security testing in CI/CD pipelines?
Automation & Scripting Questions
- What are some of the most used scripting languages for DevOps
- How do you plan to automate repetitive tasks in DevOps?
- Why are there some differences between Bash and Python that they are the ultimate solution to automate operations?
- How would you automate unit scripts and QA tests?
- What is ChatOps and how is it different from DevOps automation?
Soft Skills Questions
- Describe a time when you put into practice a good DevOps practice
- What would you do when operation and development teams clash?
- If in case the system crashed?
- How to prioritize on building high-speed DevOps culture.
- Give an example of a failed DevOps project which you installed and how you fixed it.
Conclusion
DevOps hiring is tough and there are some technical as well as behavioral interview questions Get familiar with CI/CD Infrastructure as Code cloud platforms containerization and automation tools for DevOps interviews
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